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Fannie Hurst (October 18, 1889, – February 23, 1968) was an American novelist. Hurst was also active in the "single tax" (Georgist) and women's suffrage movements. Although her novels are not popular today, she had considerable success with ''Stardust'' (1919), ''Lummox'' (1923), ''A President is Born'' (1927), ''Back Street'' (1931), and ''Imitation of Life'' (1933). Hurst is now best known for film adaptations of her works, particularly the 1934 film ''Imitation of Life'' and its 1959 remake, starring Lana Turner and John Gavin. The 1946 Joan Crawford film drama, ''Humoresque'', also is based on a story by Hurst. ==Biography== Hurst was born in Hamilton, Ohio, to Rose Koppel (Hurst) and Samuel Hurst, and was the only surviving child of this well-to-do Jewish family. She spent the first twenty years of her life in St. Louis, Missouri, where she attended Washington University in St. Louis and graduated in 1909. After graduating from Washington University, Hurst moved to New York City in 1911 to pursue her writing. Working as a waitress in ''Child's'' and as a salesgirl, acting bit parts on Broadway, attending night court sessions and wandering through the slums, the young author became “passionately anxious to awake in others a general sensitiveness to small people,” an awareness of “causes, including the lost and the threatened.” 〔Frederick, A.(1980). HURST, Fannie, oct. 18, 1889-feb. 23, 1968.. In Notable American women: The modern period. Retrieved from http://0-search.credoreference.com.library.simmons.edu/content/entry/hupnawii/hurst_fannie_oct_18_1889_feb_23_1968/0〕 Her stories appeared mostly in the ''Saturday Evening Post'' and ''Cosmopolitan'' and eventually earned her as much as $5,000 each. She wrote her first novel, ''Star-Dust'', in 1921.〔Hurst, Fannie 1885 - 1968. (1999). In The Cambridge guide to women's writing in English. Retrieved from http://0-search.credoreference.com.library.simmons.edu/content/entry/camgwwie/hurst_fannie_1885_1968/0〕 In 1915 she married Jacques S. Danielson of New York, a pianist, but the marriage was not announced until five years later. Starting in 1920, Hurst wrote a succession of novels, plays, screenplays, short stories, and articles.〔Hurst, Fannie, (1889 --1968). (2005). In The crystal reference encyclopedia. Retrieved from http://0-search.credoreference.com.library.simmons.edu/content/entry/cre/hurst_fannie_1889_1968/0〕 She reached the height of her immense popularity during this time.〔 Hurst's publications include seventeen novels, eight short-story collections, an autobiography and several dozen uncollected stories and articles. Early in her career, critics considered Hurst a serious artist, admiring her sensitive portrayals of immigrant life and urban working girls.〔 A quartet of Hurst stories appeared as silent movies between 1920 and 1923. ''Star-Dust'' premièred on the silent screen the same year it was published. Her best-known novel, ''Imitation of Life'' (1933), has two sound film versions.〔 In 1921, Hurst was among the first to join the Lucy Stone League, an organization that fought for women to preserve their maiden names. She was active in the Urban League, and was appointed to the National Advisory Committee to the Works Progress Administration in 1940. She was a member of the feminist intellectual group Heterodoxy in Greenwich Village, and a delegate to the World Health Organization in 1952. When Hurst and Arctic explorer Vilhjalmur Stefansson were having a long affair,〔Fannie Hurst. ''Anatomy of Me: A Wonderer in Search of Herself'' (p. 219). New York: Doubleday, 1958. ISBN 0-405-12843-6.〕〔Gísli Pálsson. ''Travelling Passions: The Hidden Life Of Vilhjalmur Stefansson'' (pp. 187, 195). Lebanon: University Press of New England, 2005. ISBN 1-58465-510-0.〕〔Robert Shulman. ''Romany Marie: The Queen of Greenwich Village'' (p. 144). Louisville: Butler Books, 2006. ISBN 1-884532-74-8.〕 they often met in New York City's Greenwich Village at Romany Marie's café when Stefansson was in town; he was a regular there for many years and a good friend of the proprietor. Hurst hosted a talk show out of New York called ''Showcase'' beginning in 1958. ''Showcase'' was notable for presenting several of the earliest well-rounded discussions of homosexuality and was one of the few on which homosexual men spoke for themselves rather than being debated by a panel of "experts".〔Tropiano, pp. 4–5〕 Hurst was praised by early homophile group the Mattachine Society which invited Hurst to deliver the keynote address at the Society's 1958 convention. F. Scott Fitzgerald presciently described her as one of several authors "not producing among 'em one story or novel that will last 10 years." Hurst died in 1968, at the age of 82, in New York City.〔 The first full biography of Hurst, by Brooke Kroeger, was published in 1999. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fannie Hurst」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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